/*! \file bmark-teem.c
 *
 * \author Nick Seltzer & Gordon Kindlmann
 */

/*
 * COPYRIGHT (c) 2011 The Diderot Project (http://diderot-language.cs.uchicago.edu)
 * All rights reserved.
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include "teem/nrrd.h"
#include "teem/gage.h"

#include "teem-defs.h"

STATIC_INLINE double dot3(double vec1[3], double vec2[3])
{
  return (vec1[0] * vec2[0] + vec1[1] * vec2[1] + vec1[2] * vec2[2]);
}

STATIC_INLINE double mag3(double vec[3])
{
  return sqrt(dot3(vec, vec));
}

STATIC_INLINE void norm3(double vec[3], double res[3])
{
  double mag = mag3(vec);
  res[0] = vec[0] / mag;
  res[1] = vec[1] / mag;
  res[2] = vec[2] / mag;
}

STATIC_INLINE void add3(double vec1[3], double vec2[3], double res[3])
{
  res[0] = vec1[0] + vec2[0];
  res[1] = vec1[1] + vec2[1];
  res[2] = vec1[2] + vec2[2];
}

STATIC_INLINE void sub3(double vec1[3], double vec2[3], double res[3])
{
  res[0] = vec1[0] - vec2[0];
  res[1] = vec1[1] - vec2[1];
  res[2] = vec1[2] - vec2[2];
}

// Note res cannot be vec1 or vec2
STATIC_INLINE void cross(double vec1[3], double vec2[3], double res[3])
{
  res[0] = vec1[1] * vec2[2] - vec1[2] * vec2[1];
  res[1] = vec1[2] * vec2[0] - vec1[0] * vec2[2];
  res[2] = vec1[0] * vec2[1] - vec1[1] * vec2[0];
}

STATIC_INLINE void scale_vec3(double scl, double vec[3], double res[3])
{
  res[0] = scl * vec[0];
  res[1] = scl * vec[1];
  res[2] = scl * vec[2];
}

STATIC_INLINE bool inside(double pos[3])
{
  // XXX - Hack
  if(pos[0] < -0.5 || pos[0] > 175.5) return false;
  if(pos[1] < -0.5 || pos[1] > 186.5) return false;
  if(pos[2] < -0.5 || pos[2] > 189.5) return false;
  return true;
}

STATIC_INLINE double lerp(double out_min, double out_max, double in_min, double in, double in_max)
{
  return (out_min * (in_max - in) + out_max * (in - in_min)) / (in_max - in_min);
}

STATIC_INLINE unsigned char ulerp(double in_min, double in, double in_max)
{
  return (unsigned char)((0.0f * (in_max - in) + 255.0f * (in - in_min)) / (in_max - in_min));
}

int main (int argc, const char *argv[])
{
  const char *me = argv[0];
  char *infile = "../../data/vfrhand-nohip.nhdr";
  char *outfile = "vr-lite-cam.pgm";
  double camEye[3] = {127.331, -1322.05, 272.53};
  double camAt[3] = {63.0, 82.6536, 98.0};
  double camUp[3] = {0.9987, 0.0459166, -0.0221267};
  double camNear = -78.0;
  double camFar = 78.0;
  double camFOV = 5.0;
  int imgResU = 480;
  int imgResV = 345;
  double rayStep = 0.5;
  double valOpacMin = 400.0;        // 400.0 for skin, 1150.0 for bone
  double valOpacMax = 700.0;        // 700.0 for skin, 1450.0 for bone
  double temp[3];
  double temp2[3];
  double temp3[3];
  sub3(camAt, camEye, temp);
  double camDist = mag3( temp );
  double camVspNear = camDist + camNear;
  double camVspFar = camDist + camFar;
  double camN[3];
  norm3(temp, camN);
  double camU[3];
  cross(camN, camUp, temp);
  norm3(temp, camU);
  double camV[3];
  cross(camN, camU, camV);
  double camVmax = tan(camFOV*AIR_PI/360.0)*camDist;
  double camUmax = camVmax*(double)(imgResU)/(double)(imgResV);
  double lightVspDir[3] = {0.9, -1.0, -2.5};
  scale_vec3(lightVspDir[0], camU, temp);
  scale_vec3(lightVspDir[1], camV, temp2);
  add3(temp, temp2, temp);
  scale_vec3(lightVspDir[2], camN, temp2);
  add3(temp, temp2, temp);
  double lightDir[3];
  norm3(temp, lightDir);
  double phongKa = 0.05;
  double phongKd = 0.80;
  double phongKs = 0.20;
  double phongSp = 50.0;

  // Read in the data
  char* err;
  Nrrd *nin;
  int status;
  airArray *mop;
  mop = airMopNew();

  nin = nrrdNew();
  airMopAdd(mop, nin, (airMopper)nrrdNuke, airMopAlways);

  if (nrrdLoad(nin, infile, NULL)) {
    airMopAdd(mop, err = biffGetDone(NRRD), airFree, airMopAlways);
    fprintf(stderr, "Trouble reading \"%s\":\n%s", infile, err);
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }

  // Get data for mip
  gageContext *ctx;
  gagePerVolume *pvl;
  const double *val;
  const double *grad;
  double kparm[NRRD_KERNEL_PARMS_NUM] = {0.0};
  int E;

  ctx = gageContextNew();
  airMopAdd(mop, ctx, (airMopper)gageContextNix, airMopAlways);
  pvl = gagePerVolumeNew(ctx, nin, gageKindScl);
  if (!( ctx && pvl )) {
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: couldn't allocate gage ctx or pvl", me);
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }
  if (gagePerVolumeAttach(ctx, pvl)
      || gageKernelSet(ctx, gageKernel00, nrrdKernelBSpline3, kparm)
      || gageKernelSet(ctx, gageKernel11, nrrdKernelBSpline3D, kparm)
      || gageQueryItemOn(ctx, pvl, gageSclValue)
      || gageQueryItemOn(ctx, pvl, gageSclGradVec)
      || gageUpdate(ctx)) {
    airMopAdd(mop, err = biffGetDone(GAGE), airFree, airMopAlways);
    fprintf(stderr, "Trouble setting up gage context:\n%s", err);
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }

  if (!( (val = gageAnswerPointer(ctx, pvl, gageSclValue))
         && (grad = gageAnswerPointer(ctx, pvl, gageSclGradVec)) )) {
    fprintf(stderr, "Trouble getting answer pointer\n");
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }

  int ui, vi;
  double rayU, rayV, rayN;
  double rayVec[3];
  double rayDir[3];
  double rayPos[3];
  double transp, gray;
  double output[4];
  double norm[3];
  double alpha;
  double ld;
  double hd;
  double mat;
  bool set = false;
  double max_gray = 0;
  double min_gray = 0;

  // allocate image and output
  Nrrd *nimg = nrrdNew();
  airMopAdd(mop, nimg, (airMopper)nrrdNuke, airMopAlways);
  Nrrd *nout = nrrdNew();
  airMopAdd(mop, nout, (airMopper)nrrdNuke, airMopAlways);
  if (nrrdAlloc_va(nimg, nrrdTypeDouble, 3,
                   AIR_CAST(size_t, 4),
                   AIR_CAST(size_t, imgResU),
                   AIR_CAST(size_t, imgResV))
      || nrrdAlloc_va(nout, nrrdTypeUChar, 2,
                      AIR_CAST(size_t, imgResU),
                      AIR_CAST(size_t, imgResV))) {
    airMopAdd(mop, err = biffGetDone(NRRD), airFree, airMopAlways);
    fprintf(stderr, "Trouble allocating image and output:\n%s", err);
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }
  double *out_data = AIR_CAST(double *, nimg->data);
  unsigned char *uc_out_data = AIR_CAST(unsigned char *, nout->data);

  double t0 = airTime(); // start timing
  for(vi = 0; vi < imgResV; vi++) {
    rayV = lerp(-camVmax, camVmax, -0.5, (double)(vi), (double)(imgResV) - 0.5);
    scale_vec3(rayV, camV, temp);
    for(ui = 0; ui < imgResU; ui++) {
      rayU = lerp(-camUmax, camUmax, -0.5, (double)(ui), (double)(imgResU) - 0.5);
      scale_vec3(rayU, camU, temp2);
      add3(temp, temp2, temp2);
      scale_vec3(camDist, camN, temp3);
      add3(temp2, temp3, temp3);
      scale_vec3(1 / camDist, temp3, rayVec);
      norm3(rayVec, rayDir);
      transp = 1;
      gray = 0;
      output[0] = 0;
      output[1] = 0;
      output[2] = 0;
      output[3] = 0;
      for (rayN = camVspNear; rayN <= camVspFar; rayN += rayStep) {
        scale_vec3(rayN, rayDir, temp2);
        add3(temp2, camEye, rayPos);
        if (inside(rayPos)) {
          if (gageProbe(ctx, rayPos[0], rayPos[1], rayPos[2])) {
            fprintf(stderr, "Trouble with gageProbe:\n%s", ctx->errStr);
            airMopError(mop); return -1;
          }
          if (*val > valOpacMin) {
            temp2[0] = -*(grad + 0);
            temp2[1] = -*(grad + 1);
            temp2[2] = -*(grad + 2);
            norm3(temp2, norm);
            alpha = lerp(0.0, 1.0,  valOpacMin, *val, valOpacMax);
            alpha = (alpha < 1.0) ? alpha : 1;
            ld = dot3(norm, lightDir);
            ld = (ld < 0) ? 0 : ld;
            sub3(camEye, rayPos, temp2);
            norm3(temp2, temp2);
            add3(temp2, lightDir, temp2);
            norm3(temp2, temp2);
            hd = dot3(norm, temp2);
            hd = (hd < 0) ? 0 : hd;
            mat = phongKa +
                  phongKd * ((ld > 0) ? ld : 0) +
                  phongKs * ((hd > 0) ? pow(hd, phongSp) : 0);
            gray = gray + transp * alpha * mat;
            transp *= 1 - alpha;
          }
        }
        if(transp < 0.01) {
          transp = 0;
          break;
        }
      }
      *(out_data + ui * imgResV * 4 + vi * 4 + 0) = gray;
      *(out_data + ui * imgResV * 4 + vi * 4 + 1) = gray;
      *(out_data + ui * imgResV * 4 + vi * 4 + 2) = gray;
      *(out_data + ui * imgResV * 4 + vi * 4 + 3) = 1.0f - transp;
      if(!set) {
        max_gray = gray;
        min_gray = gray;
        set = true;
      }
      max_gray = (gray > max_gray) ? gray : max_gray;
      min_gray = (gray < min_gray) ? gray : min_gray;
    }
  }

  for(vi = 0; vi < imgResV; vi++) {
    for(ui = 0; ui < imgResU; ui++) {
      *(uc_out_data + vi * imgResU + ui) = ulerp(min_gray, *(out_data + ui * imgResV * 4 + vi * 4 + 0), max_gray);
    }
  }

  double totalTime = airTime() - t0;
  printf("usr=%f\n", totalTime);

  if (nrrdSave(outfile, nout, NULL)) {
    airMopAdd(mop, err = biffGetDone(NRRD), airFree, airMopAlways);
    fprintf(stderr, "Trouble writing output:\n%s", err);
    airMopError(mop); 
    return -1;
  }
  
  airMopOkay(mop); 
  return 0;

}

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